Baylor, A. L. & Ebbers, S. (2003). Evidence that multiple agents facilitate greater learning. In U. Hoppe, M.F. Verdejo, J. Kay (Eds.), Artificial Intelligence in Education: Shaping the Future of Learning Through Intelligent Technologies (pp.377-379): IOS Press.
Publication year: 2003

This experimental study examined the question as to whether it is more effective to have one pedagogical agent with combined expertise and motivational support or two separate agents – one with expertise (Expert) and one with motivational support (Motivator). It was found that having two separate pedagogical agents representing the two roles had a significantly more positive impact on learning.